Summery of Albania

Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece to the south and Montenegro and Kosovo to the north Geographic coordinates: 41 00 N, 20 00 E Map references: Europe Area: total: 28,748 sq km land: 27,398 sq km water: 1,350 sq km country comparison to the world: 145 Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Maryland Land boundaries: total: 691 km border countries (4): Greece 212 km, Kosovo 112 km, Macedonia 181 km, Montenegro 186 km Coastline: 362 km Maritime claims: territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation Climate: mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter Terrain: mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast Elevation: mean elevation: 708 m elevation extremes: lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,764 m Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, coal, bauxite, chromite, copper, iron ore, nickel, salt, timber, hydropower, arable land Land use: agricultural land: 43.8% arable land 22.7%; permanent crops 2.7%; permanent pasture 18.4% forest: 28.3% other: 27.9% (2011 est.) Irrigated land: 3,310 sq km (2012) Total renewable water resources: 41.7 cu km (2011) Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural): total: 1.31 cu km/yr (43%/18%/39%) per capita: 413.6 cu m/yr (2006) Natural hazards: destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought Environment - current issues: deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents Environment - international agreements: party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements Geography - note: strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea) Hide People and Society :: ALBANIA Panel - Expanded Nationality: noun: Albanian(s) adjective: Albanian Ethnic groups: Albanian 82.6%, Greek 0.9%, other 1% (including Vlach, Roma (Gypsy), Macedonian, Montenegrin, and Egyptian), unspecified 15.5% (2011 est.) Languages: Albanian 98.8% (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek 0.5%, other 0.6% (including Macedonian, Roma, Vlach, Turkish, Italian, and Serbo-Croatian), unspecified 0.1% (2011 est.) Religions: Muslim 56.7%, Roman Catholic 10%, Orthodox 6.8%, atheist 2.5%, Bektashi (a Sufi order) 2.1%, other 5.7%, unspecified 16.2% note: all mosques and churches were closed in 1967 and religious observances prohibited; in November 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice (2011 est.) Population: 3,029,278 (July 2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 137 Age structure: 0-14 years: 18.78% (male 300,661/female 268,369) 15-24 years: 18.67% (male 291,479/female 274,019) 25-54 years: 40.39% (male 582,207/female 641,361) 55-64 years: 10.85% (male 163,003/female 165,805) 65 years and over: 11.3% (male 160,913/female 181,461) (2015 est.) population pyramid: Dependency ratios: total dependency ratio: 44.8% youth dependency ratio: 26.9% elderly dependency ratio: 18% potential support ratio: 5.6% (2015 est.) Median age: total: 32 years male: 30.8 years female: 33.3 years (2015 est.) Population growth rate: 0.3% (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 175 Birth rate: 12.92 births/1,000 population (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 154 Death rate: 6.58 deaths/1,000 population (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 145 Net migration rate: -3.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 184 Urbanization: urban population: 57.4% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 2.21% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) Major urban areas - population: TIRANA (capital) 454,000 (2015) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.1 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.12 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2015 est.) Mother's mean age at first birth: 23.4 (2010 est.) Maternal mortality rate: 29 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 128 Infant mortality rate: total: 12.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 118 Life expectancy at birth: total population: 78.13 years male: 75.49 years female: 81.04 years (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 60 Total fertility rate: 1.5 children born/woman (2015 est.) country comparison to the world: 196 Contraceptive prevalence rate: 69.3% (2008/09) Health expenditures: 5.9% of GDP (2013) country comparison to the world: 111 Physicians density: 1.15 physicians/1,000 population (2013) Hospital bed density: 2.6 beds/1,000 population (2012) Drinking water source: improved: urban: 84.3% of population rural: 81.8% of population total: 83.6% of population unimproved: urban: 15.7% of population rural: 18.2% of population total: 16.4% of population (2015 est.) Sanitation facility access: improved: urban: 95.5% of population rural: 90.2% of population total: 93.2% of population unimproved: urban: 4.5% of population rural: 9.8% of population total: 6.8% of population (2015 est.) HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.04% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 126 HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 18.1% (2014) country comparison to the world: 88 Children under the age of 5 years underweight: 6.3% (2009) country comparison to the world: 80 Education expenditures: 3.3% of GDP (2007) country comparison to the world: 130 Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.6% male: 98.4% female: 96.9% (2015 est.) Child labor - children ages 5-14: total number: 72,818 percentage: 12% (2005 est.) Unemployment, youth ages 15-24: total: 30.2% male: 32.5% female: 26.1% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 46